Benzoate sodium, also known as Sodium benzoate, possesses distinct chemical properties. Here is a detailed examination of its chemical characteristics:

1. Molecular Structure and Formula:

• Chemical Formula: C7H5NaO2
• Molecular Weight: Approximately 144.10 g/mol (or 144.12, with slight variations in precision)

2. Physical Appearance and Solubility:

• Benzoate sodium commonly appears as white crystals, granules, or a colorless powder.
• It is highly soluble in water and also soluble in ethanol.

3. Chemical Reactivity:

• In alkaline solutions, benzoate sodium exhibits minimal reactivity or effectiveness.
• As a sodium salt of benzoic acid, it retains the acidic properties of benzoic acid but in a more stable and soluble form.

4. Uses and Applications:

• It is primarily utilized as a food preservative due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.
• It is also employed in the pharmaceutical, dye, and plastic industries, showcasing its versatility and importance in various chemical processes.

5. Safety Considerations:

• While benzoate sodium is widely used and generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory bodies for certain applications, it should be handled with appropriate care to avoid unnecessary exposure or ingestion in excessive amounts.
• Safety data sheets (SDS) should be consulted for detailed information on handling, storage, and disposal practices.

In summary, benzoate sodium, with its specific chemical formula, physical appearance, solubility, reactivity, and diverse applications, plays a crucial role in various industries and scientific fields. Its safety profile should be carefully considered when used, ensuring compliance with relevant regulations and guidelines.